一、往復(fù)泵的構(gòu)造和工作原理
reciprocating pump structure and working principle of
主要部件：泵缸、活塞，活塞桿及吸人閥、排出閥。
Main components: pump cylinder, piston, piston rod and the inhalation valve, discharge valve.
工作原理：活塞自左向右移動(dòng)時(shí)，泵缸內(nèi)形成負(fù)壓，則貯槽內(nèi)液體經(jīng)吸入閥進(jìn)入泵缸內(nèi)。當(dāng)活塞自右向左 移動(dòng)時(shí)，缸內(nèi)液體受擠壓，壓力增大，由排出閥排出。
How it works: the piston moves from left to right, form a negative pressure pump cylinder, then the suction tank fluid through the valve into the pump cylinder. When the piston moving from right to the left, the cylinder of liquid by squeezing, pressure, discharged from the discharge valve.
活塞往復(fù)一次，各吸入和排出一次液體，稱(chēng)為一個(gè)工作循環(huán)；這種泵稱(chēng)為單動(dòng)泵。
A reciprocating piston, the suction and discharge a fluid, known as a work cycle; a pump called the single-action pump.
若活塞往返一次，各吸入和排出兩次液體，稱(chēng)為雙動(dòng)泵。
If the piston round trip, the suction and discharge the two liquids, known as double-acting pump.
活塞由一端移至另一端，稱(chēng)為一個(gè)沖程。
Piston from one end to another end, called a stroke.
二、往復(fù)泵的流量和壓頭
reciprocating pump flow and pressure head
往復(fù)泵的流量與壓頭無(wú)關(guān)，與泵缸尺寸、活塞沖程及往復(fù)次數(shù)有關(guān)。
Reciprocating pump flow and pressure head has nothing to do with the pump cylinder size, and the reciprocating frequency of the piston stroke.
單動(dòng)泵的理論流量為T(mén)he theory of single-action pump flow
QT=Asn
往復(fù)泵的實(shí)際流量比理論流量小，且隨著壓頭的增高而減小，這是因?yàn)槁┦隆?br />
The actual flow reciprocating pump flow rate than theory, and with the increased pressure head decreases, which is due to leakage caused.
往復(fù)泵的壓頭與泵的流量及泵的幾何尺寸無(wú)關(guān)，而由泵的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度、原動(dòng)機(jī)的功率等因素決定。
The pressure reciprocating pump head and pump flow and pump geometry has nothing to do, but by the pump's mechanical strength, the original motive power and other factors.
三、往復(fù)泵的安裝高度和流量調(diào)節(jié)
reciprocating pump installation height and flow regulation
往復(fù)泵啟動(dòng)時(shí)不需灌人液體，因往復(fù)泵有自吸能力，但其吸上真空高度亦隨泵安裝地區(qū)的大氣壓力、液體的性質(zhì)和溫度而變化，故往復(fù)泵的安裝高度也有一定限制。
Reciprocating pump start without irrigation were liquid, due to reciprocating pumps are self-priming capability, but the suction on the vacuum pump installed in tandem with the region a high degree of atmospheric pressure, the liquid nature and temperature changes, so the installation of a high degree of reciprocating pump there are certain restrictions on .
往復(fù)泵的流量不能用排出管路上的閥門(mén)來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)，而應(yīng)采用旁路管或改變活塞的往復(fù)次數(shù)、改變活塞的沖程來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
Reciprocating pump discharge pipe flow can not be used to adjust the valves on the road, but should be used bypass tube or change the frequency of the piston back and forth, changing the piston stroke to achieve.
往復(fù)泵啟動(dòng)前必須將排出管路中的閥門(mén)打開(kāi)。
Reciprocating pump discharge pipe must be before the start of the valve to open.
往復(fù)泵的活塞由連桿曲軸與原動(dòng)機(jī)相連。原動(dòng)機(jī)可用電機(jī)，亦可用蒸汽機(jī)。
Reciprocating piston pump crankshaft by connecting rods connected with the original motivation. Prime mover can be motor, steam engine can also be used.
往復(fù)泵適用于高壓頭、小流量、高粘度液體的輸送，但不宜于輸送腐蝕性液體。有時(shí)由蒸汽機(jī)直接帶動(dòng)，輸送易燃、易爆的液體。
Reciprocating pump for high head, low flow, high viscosity liquid delivery, but not advisable to transport corrosive liquids. Sometimes, direct driven by the steam engine, transmission flammable and explosive liquid. |
